Which of the following diseases is NOT listed as benefiting from animal research?

• A. Malaria
• B. AIDS
• C. Diabetes
• D. Multiple sclerosis

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is that animal research has informed our understanding and treatment of several human diseases, and the question hinges on what a specific resource lists as benefiting from such studies. In that referenced list, AIDS, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis are cited as diseases that have benefited from animal research because animal models help reveal how these diseases develop and allow safe testing of therapies before human use. For HIV/AIDS, primate models and humanized mice are used to study viral behavior, immune responses, and strategies like vaccines and antiretroviral therapies. For diabetes, models such as the non-obese diabetic mouse and chemically induced diabetes in rodents help researchers understand autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells and to evaluate treatments. For multiple sclerosis, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model serves to explore autoimmune attack on myelin and to test potential therapies.

Malaria, however, is not listed in that resource as benefiting from animal research. While malaria research does use animal models in broader study, the question sticks to the items that the reference specifically names, which is why malaria is the choice that isn’t listed.